B.17 Distinguish between motivating operations and stimulus control

Motivating operations (MOs) and stimulus control are two key concepts in understanding behavior, and while they may seem similar, they serve very different functions.

MOs affect how valuable a reinforcer or punishment seems at a given moment, which changes the likelihood of behavior related to that reinforcer. Example: A thirsty person finds water more reinforcing, increasing the likelihood they will search for water.

Stimulus control refers to the way a specific cue or signal (stimulus) triggers a behavior because it has been consistently reinforced in the past. Example: A stop sign prompts drivers to stop because stopping has been reinforced (avoiding accidents or tickets).

🔑Key Differences🔑

Aspect	Motivating Operations (MOs)	Stimulus Control
Function	Alters the value of a reinforcer or punishment.	Signals the availability of reinforcement or punishment.
Effect on Behavior	Changes how much we want something and how likely we are to act.	Triggers specific behaviors learned from past reinforcement.
Examples	Hunger increases the value of food.	Seeing a vending machine prompts buying food.

How They Work Together

Motivating operations set the stage by making something valuable or not, while stimulus control provides the cue to act. For example:

• MO: Hunger increases the value of food.

• Stimulus Control: A restaurant sign signals where to get food.

Understanding both concepts allows us to create environments that encourage desired behaviors and reduce unwanted ones.