F.5 Design and evaluate descriptive assessments.

Descriptive assessment helps identify the "why" behind a problem behavior by focusing on how often it happens (frequency), how long it lasts (duration), how severe it is (intensity), and what triggers and follows it (antecedents and consequences).

By observing these patterns, we can better understand the function of a behavior and develop strategies to support positive change.

Methods of Collecting Information

Direct Observation:

• What it is: Observing the child in real-time, in natural settings like the classroom or playground.

• Why it matters: This method is the most accurate because it captures behaviors as they occur.

• How it works: Observers often use tools like ABC data, which tracks:

  • Antecedent: What happens before the behavior.

  • Behavior: The specific action or reaction.

  • Consequence: What happens after the behavior?

    
    
    
    

Indirect Observation:

• What it is: Gathering information from interviews, rating scales, or questionnaires completed by parents, teachers, or caregivers.

• Why it matters: This method is useful when behaviors are difficult to observe directly.

• Things to remember: Indirect observations may rely on subjective or incomplete information, so they are best used alongside direct observations.

🔑Natural Conditions Are Key🔑

Behaviors are best understood in the settings where they typically occur. For example, if a child struggles during math lessons, observing their behavior during those lessons provides insight into triggers and consequences specific to that environment.

By combining direct and indirect assessments, and focusing on natural settings, descriptive assessments provide a clearer picture of a child’s behavior. This approach empowers parents and teachers to create targeted strategies that address the root cause, rather than just the symptoms, of problem behaviors.

If you're navigating these challenges, know that you're not alone. With the right tools and collaboration, progress is always possible.